pediatric nursing LECTURE 1
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Introduction in
growth and development
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N Definition of the
pediatric nursing:
§ Pediatric nursing is science and art of giving
nursing care to children from birth to adolescence with emphasis on the
physical, mental, social and emotional growth.
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N Scope of pediatric nursing practice:
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§ Ambulatory settings
§ Institutional settings
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N Qualities essential for good pediatric nurse:
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1. She is prepared to care for the family members
including the care of healthy and sick children. This care involves physical
and psychological aspects.
2. Have an interest in family care and love for
children.
3. Understand the culture from which the family comes.
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N Role of the pediatric nurses:
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1- Family Advocacy / caring:
2- Disease prevention and health promotion
3- Health teaching
4- Support and counseling:
5- Therapeutic role:
6- Research:
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N Growth and Development
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N Definition of
growth:
§ Is a natural increase in the physical size of the
whole or any of its parts due to increase in the number of cells of different
organs.
§ It is quantitative change.
§ It can be measured by centimeters or inches and
pounds or kilogram,
§ Assessed by wt., ht., head circumference and skin
fold thickness.
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N Definition of
development:
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§ Progressive increase in skills and capacity of
function and acquisition of social relations.
§ It involves a qualitative change.
§ It also a continuous process from conception until
maturity through the whole life.
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N Types of growth and
development:
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Types of growth :
A- physical
growth
B- physiological
growth
Types of
development
1. Motor
2. Mental or intellectual
3. Social
4. emotional
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N Principles of
growth and development:
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1.
Growth and
development are continuous process each stage depends upon the proceeding
one.
2.
Each child has his
own growth pattern, which vary within the individual child but within the
normal rate.
3.
All children go
through a normal sequence of growth, but not in the same rate, i.e.
individual differences are noticed.
4.
Growth and
development have predictable sequences, as all human beings go through the
same stages on their way for physical growth and or development.
5.
Although growth and
development go through a fixed precise order, they don’t progress at the same
rate. There are period of rapid growth and other period of slow growth.
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N Patterns of growth
and development:
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Ø Cephalocaudal
Ø Proximodistal (Proximal to distal)
Ø General to specific
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Factors influencing
growth and development:
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1.
Heredity
2.
Race, nationality
and sex
3.
Nutritional
disorders
4.
Exposure to
radiation
5.
Infection with
German measles
6.
Hormonal influences
7.
Smoking
8.
Faulty placental
implantation
9.
Socio- economic
status of family
10.
Number of sibling
in family.
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